🔧 DevOps Interview Questions
Master DevOps interviews with questions on CI/CD, Docker, Kubernetes, Infrastructure as Code, and monitoring
Explain the CI/CD pipeline and implement a GitHub Actions workflow
MediumCI/CD (Continuous Integration/Continuous Deployment) automates the software delivery process. CI merges code changes frequently and runs automated tests. CD automatically deploys to production.
Key Components:
- Source Control: Git, GitHub, GitLab
- Build: Compile code, run tests
- Test: Unit, integration, e2e tests
- Deploy: Push to staging/production
- Monitor: Track application health
Explain Docker and write a multi-stage Dockerfile
MediumDocker containerizes applications with their dependencies, ensuring consistency across environments. Multi-stage builds optimize image size by separating build and runtime dependencies.
Explain Kubernetes architecture and write deployment manifests
HardKubernetes (K8s) orchestrates containerized applications at scale. It manages deployment, scaling, and operations of application containers across clusters of hosts.
Key Components:
- Control Plane: API Server, Scheduler, Controller Manager, etcd
- Worker Nodes: Kubelet, Container Runtime, Kube-proxy
- Pods: Smallest deployable units
- Services: Stable network endpoints
- Deployments: Declarative updates for Pods
Explain Infrastructure as Code with Terraform
HardInfrastructure as Code (IaC) manages infrastructure through code rather than manual processes. Terraform is a popular IaC tool that supports multiple cloud providers.
Explain monitoring and observability with Prometheus and Grafana
MediumMonitoring tracks system health through metrics. Observability provides deeper insights through metrics, logs, and traces. Prometheus collects metrics, Grafana visualizes them.
Interview Tips for DevOps
- ✓ Understand CI/CD pipelines end-to-end
- ✓ Know Docker deeply - images, containers, volumes, networks
- ✓ Be familiar with Kubernetes concepts and kubectl commands
- ✓ Practice Infrastructure as Code with Terraform or CloudFormation
- ✓ Understand monitoring, logging, and observability
- ✓ Know cloud platforms (AWS, Azure, GCP) services
- ✓ Be ready to discuss security best practices and compliance